(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) #99 I want to systematically deepen my knowledge of waterproofing theory and gain a complete and structured practical experience from some waterproofing experts. How should I achieve this? How should I choose professional waterproofing contractors? How should I resolve leakage issues?

A: 1. This question is the biggest shortcoming in the minds of people who have been engaged in professional waterproofing engineering for a long time! In China, there are no complete professional textbooks on waterproofing in undergraduate civil engineering departments.

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) Part #97 covers the design of double walls in basements, which may affect the usable floor area of the basement. The water-conducting wall method was developed in response to this need. What material is it made of? What are the standard construction specifications?

A: In order to achieve the dual function of drainage for the basement walls while not affecting the space for flat parking, a drainage board with diamond-shaped mesh is laid on the wall, and the surface is then painted and plastered. This is a common practice in urban areas.

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) In underground basements of #95domestic buildings, there is often a phenomenon of inexhaustible seepage and continuous water leakage. Is there an advanced waterproof material or construction method that can achieve a permanent waterproof function?

Answer: (i) Waterproofing of continuous walls has significant differences in basic design and construction concepts, both domestically and internationally. In foreign countries, defining continuous walls as a hypothetical project for retaining walls inherently falls under the category of

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) #93Underground waterproofing can be divided into external waterproofing (external construction) and internal waterproofing (internal construction). What are the different types of external waterproofing methods? What are the standard construction specifications?

Answer: It can be divided into: Standard normative construction drawings for the outer waterproof layer construction method: Standard normative construction drawings for the outer waterproof layer construction method:

(One hundred questions on waterproofing) If a water leak occurs in an #87-tank pool, if an internal waterproofing renovation is carried out, would the process be too long and the project too extensive? Is it possible to fix the leak externally and get it done once and for all?

A: If you want to prevent future problems from occurring through external leakage repairs, there are only two situations where the success rate is higher: As for the leakage caused by the corner and corner construction seams, which occur most often, because these seams are the entire structure.

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) The ceiling of the #86th-floor elevator room has experienced a leak phenomenon; given that it is above a water tank, what are the key aspects of the concept that should be considered when repairing the leak?

A: Generally, if the ceiling of the elevator room in the top floor of a residential building experiences a leak, because the water storage tank is located above it, the first thought is that it is probably caused by a water tank leak; however, it must be noted that the water tank is located in the basement of the building.

(One hundred questions on waterproofing) What is the most common mistake in the construction process when waterproofing a #84new construction site pond? Is it suitable to use PU, EPOXY or FRP construction?

Answer: (i) In the process of waterproofing the tank, the most common mistake made on construction sites is to first paint the base and then apply the waterproofing coating. The reason is that since tanks are generally prone to leakage, it is necessary to first seal the base before applying the coating.

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) #83: In some cases, the waterproof coating is only applied by brushing with seven-millimeter quartz powder or by buying some waterproof agent at a hardware store; there is no leakage phenomenon. On the other hand, some construction sites use expensive imported materials from Europe and the United States, but they often leak, and repeated repairs are ineffective. Why is that?

Answer: The key lies in the structure of the tank; as in question 83, ninety percent of the water leakage is due to four major defects in the structure; if these defects are properly addressed, a simple 1:2 countermeasure can be applied.

(One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) #81: How does waterproofing in bathrooms and toilets in newly constructed construction sites work? If (a) polyurethane (PU) is used, what is its functional performance? After construction, there is often a phenomenon of residual adhesion (not fully cured); how can this be prevented? (b) Rubberized asphalt (RA) is used; what are its advantages and disadvantages? (One Hundred Questions on Waterproofing) #81

Answer: (i) If PU construction is adopted, the waterproof performance of the RC wall remains acceptable; the only drawback is that it cannot be painted or primed; however, for the brickwork part, it is very difficult to completely seal the surface.

(One hundred questions on waterproofing) #79: How should the bathrooms and toilets in newly built construction sites be waterproofed? Which series of waterproof materials is best? Are there any blind spots that need special reinforcement?

A: (i) According to the waterproofing standards of the Japan National Association of Architects’ JASS 8, it is recommended to use a water-based composite waterproofing material (also known as the “elastic” waterproofing material commonly used in the market).

(One hundred questions about waterproofing) There is often a white coating (wall cancer) on the wall #77near the bathroom. Why does it form? If construction is not carried out from within the bathroom, what are the feasibility issues if construction is carried out from the outside wall?

Answer: (i) The water in the bathroom is heavy, while the water outside the bathroom is light. The water in the bathroom is acidic because it combines with the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the air to form acidic water. These acids

(One Hundred Questions About Waterproofing) After the introduction of the #75-thread method for injecting PU foam, what is the reliability of the leak repair using this commonly used method? How reliable is the use of transparent water-repellent agent to repair window frames?

Answer: (i) Although this method of construction has the advantages of being quick and low-polluting, the actual results have the following blind spots: (1) The construction workers must possess proficient skills and wisdom;