Answer:
(i) There are different types of leakage:
- In the 30-centimeter area around the floor edge, install a drainage beam 15–30 centimeters high and then build a brick wall or install a rigid panel—this method creates an invisible construction seam in the inner corner of the water drainage channel; if the waterproofing is done poorly, the water will leak out.
- Building brick walls directly from the ground—if the corners of the water channel are not first dug out and reinforced, the accumulated water within the channel will certainly flow out. Common builders mistakenly believe that by applying 1:2 waterproof paint and drainage on the bottom of the water channel, they can achieve permanent waterproofing; however, the reality proves that this is impossible.
- The junction between the brick wall and the pillar is leaking due to cracking.
(2) Prevention methods:
- After the RC stop-water pier for the intercepting ditch was completed and the mold was removed, the construction seam was reinforced with non-shrinkage waterproof cement, and a two-layer water-proof and solid-proof material was applied to the bottom of the ditch, along with a 1:3 ratio of water-repellent plaster for the slope of the water runoff.
- If the wall is to be built directly by bricklaying, when laying three to four bricks, the V-shaped groove should be made first at the corner of the groove. The groove bottom should be reinforced with a waterproof cement that does not shrink, and a 1:3 ratio of water and solid waterproof material should be applied. The slope of the water should also be reinforced with a trowel.
- The surrounding area of the drainage pipes in the water ditch must first be dug and waterproofed, and a 5×3 cm birch sediment space must be reserved.
- The double-walled wall must have inspection holes reserved near the drainage holes, and birch branches must be regularly trimmed and plumbing pipes must be unclogged.